Pesquisa | SciELO

Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de Brant, Luisa Campos Caldeira Polanczyk, Carisi Anne Malta, Deborah Carvalho Biolo, Andreia Nascimento, Bruno Ramos Souza, Maria de Fatima Marinho de Lorenzo, Andrea Rocha De Fagundes Júnior, Antonio Aurélio de Paiva Schaan, Beatriz D. Silva, Christina Grüne de Souza e Castilho, Fábio Morato de Cesena, Fernando Henpin Yue Soares, Gabriel Porto Xavier Junior, Gesner Francisco Barreto-Filho, Jose Augusto Soares Passaglia, Luiz Guilherme Pinto-Filho, Marcelo Martins Machline-Carrion, M. Julia Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer Pontes Neto, Octavio M. Villela, Paolo Blanco Teixeira, Renato Azeredo Stein, Ricardo Sampaio, Roney Orismar Gaziano, Thomaz A. Perel, Pablo Roth, Gregory A. Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

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Data de publicação: 2023-12-14

Resumo: En Pt

The publication Cardiovascular Statistics – Brazil aims to provide an annual compilation of data and research on the epidemiology of CVDs in Brazil.  The report integrates official statistics from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and other governmental entities alongside data from the GBD project, coordinated by the IHME at the University of Washington. Additionally, it incorporates data derived from various sources and scientific studies, including cohorts and registries, that relate to CVDs and their associated risk factors. This publication is intended for a wide range of individuals, including researchers, clinicians, patients, healthcare policymakers, media professionals, the general public, and other interested parties seeking extensive national data about heart disease and stroke.  Volunteer researchers from various Brazilian universities and research institutions carry out the project. The group is led by a five-member steering committee (ALPR, CAP, DCM, GMMO, and LCCB). The Brazilian Society of Cardiology fully supports this initiative, and the project receives collaborative support from the GBD Brazil Network and an International Committee (GAR, PP, and TAG) from both the IHME/University of Washington (GAR) and the World Heart Federation (PP and TAG). 

A publicação Estatística Cardiovascular – Brasil tem por objetivo fornecer uma compilação anual dos dados e das pesquisas sobre a epidemiologia das DCV no Brasil.  Este documento integra as estatísticas oficiais do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil e outras entidades governamentais ao lado de dados do projeto GBD, coordenado pelo IHME da Universidade de Washington. Além disso, incorpora dados derivados de várias fontes e estudos científicos, inclusive coortes e registros, relacionados às DCV e fatores de risco associados. Esta publicação destina-se a um público variado, incluindo pesquisadores, clínicos, pacientes, formuladores de políticas de saúde, profissionais da mídia, o público em geral e todos aqueles que buscam dados nacionais abrangentes sobre DCV e acidente vascular cerebral. Pesquisadores voluntários de várias universidades e instituições de pesquisa brasileiros realizaram este projeto. O grupo é liderado por um comitê diretivo com cinco membros (ALPR, CAP, DCM, GMMO e LCCB). A Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia apoia integralmente esta iniciativa e o projeto recebe colaboração da Rede GBD Brasil1 e do GBD International Committee (GAR, PP e TAG) do IHME/Universidade de Washington (GAR) e da World Heart Federation (PP e TAG). 

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.7707

Premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazilian capitals: redistribution of garbage causes and evolution by social deprivation strata
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães

; Souza, Juliana Bottoni de

; Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata

; Pinheiro, Pedro Cisalpino

; Gomes, Crizian Saar

; Leyland, Alastair

; Dundas, Ruth

; Barreto, Maurício Lima

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 Supl. 1 elocation e230002

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade prematura por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) nas capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal (DF) após redistribuição das causas garbage, e a evolução temporal segundo estratos de privação social nos triênios 2010 a 2012 e 2017 a 2019. Métodos: Foram aplicadas correções ao Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM), sendo empregada metodologia para redistribuição das causas garbage (CG). As taxas de mortalidade prematura por DCNT padronizadas por idade foram estimadas. Foram analisadas as diferenças entre as taxas de mortalidade por DCNT segundo categorias do Índice Brasileiro de Privação (IBP) e entre os triênios. Resultados: No conjunto das capitais, as taxas aumentaram entre 8 e 12% após a redistribuição de CG, e os maiores acréscimos ocorreram em áreas de alta privação: 11,9 e 11,4%, triênios 1 e 2, respectivamente. Houve variabilidade entre as capitais. Observou-se redução das taxas em todos os estratos de privação entre os triênios, sendo maior decréscimo no estrato de baixa privação (-18,2%), e menor no estrato de alta privação (-7,5%). Conclusão: A redistribuição de CG representou aumento das taxas de mortalidade, sendo maior nos estratos de maior privação social. Via de regra, observou-se gradiente positivo de mortalidade com o aumento da privação social. A análise da evolução temporal evidenciou decréscimo da mortalidade por DCNT entre os triênios, sobretudo em áreas de menor privação social.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze premature mortality due to noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District (DF) after redistribution of garbage causes and the temporal evolution according to social deprivation strata in the 2010 to 2012 and 2017 to 2019 triennia. Methods: Corrections were applied to the Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade – SIM) data such as the redistribution of garbage codes (GC). Premature mortality rates due to NCDs were calculated and standardized by age. The differences among NCDs mortality rates were analyzed according to the Brazilian Deprivation Index (Índice Brasileiro de Privação – IBP) categories and between the three-year periods. Results: In the capitals as a whole, rates increased between 8 and 12% after GC redistribution and the greatest increases occurred in areas of high deprivation: 11.9 and 11.4%, triennia 1 and 2, respectively. There was variability between the capitals. There was a reduction in rates in all strata of deprivation between the three-year periods, with the greatest decrease in the stratum of low deprivation (-18.2%) and the lowest in the stratum of high deprivation (-7.5%). Conclusion: The redistribution of GC represented an increase in mortality rates, being higher in the strata of greater social deprivation. As a rule, a positive gradient of mortality was observed with increasing social deprivation. The analysis of the temporal evolution showed a decrease in mortality from NCDs between the triennia, especially in areas of lower social deprivation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230002.supl.1

Prevalence of adult smokers in Brazilian capitals according to socioeconomic deprivation
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Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Leyland, Alastair Hay

; Katikireddi, Vittal Srinivasa

; Brickley, Elizabeth Bailey

; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira

; Ichiara, Maria Yuri Travassos

; Allik, Mirjam

; Dundas, Ruth

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230044

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar as prevalências de adultos fumante nas 26 capitais e no Distrito Federal segundo o Índice Brasileiro de Privação. Métodos: Os dados sobre tabagismo foram obtidos junto ao sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito (Vigitel) para as 26 capitais e o Distrito Federal, no período de 2010 a 2013. O Índice Brasileiro de Privação classifica os setores censitários segundo indicadores como: renda menor que meio salário mínimo, população não alfabetizada e sem esgotamento sanitário. Nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, os setores censitários foram agrupados em quatro categorias (baixa, média, alta e muito alta privação) e, nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste, em três (baixa, média e alta privação). As estimativas de prevalências de adultos fumantes foram obtidas pelo método indireto de estimação em pequenas áreas. Para o cálculo das razões de prevalências, empregram-se modelos de Poisson. Resultados: A associação positiva entre a prevalência e a privação das categorias de setores censitários foi encontrada em 16 (59,3%) das 27 cidades. Em nove (33,3%) cidades, os setores de maior privação apresentaram maior prevalência de fumantes quando comparados aos de menor privação e, em duas (7,4%), não apresentaram diferenças. Em Aracaju, Belém, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Macapá e Salvador, as prevalências de adultos fumantes foram três vezes maiores no grupo de setores com maior privação em relação aos de menor privação. Conclusão: Setores de maior privação social apresentaram maiores prevalências de tabagismo, comparados com menor privação, apontando desigualdades sociais.

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of adult smokers in the 26 capitals and the Federal District according to the Brazilian Deprivation Index (Índice Brasileiro de Privação – IBP). Methods: Dataset on smoking were obtained from the Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases by Survey (Vigitel) system for the 26 capitals and the Federal District, in the period from 2010 to 2013. The IBP classifies the census sectors according to indicators such as: income less than ½ minimum wage, illiterate population and without sanitary sewage. In the North and Northeast regions, the census sectors were grouped into four categories (low, medium, high and very high deprivation) and in the South, Southeast and Midwest regions into three (low, medium and high deprivation). Prevalence estimates of adult smokers were obtained using the indirect estimation method in small areas. To calculate the prevalence ratios, Poisson models are used. Results: The positive association between prevalence and deprivation of census sector categories was found in 16 (59.3%) of the 27 cities. In nine (33.3%) cities, the sectors with the greatest deprivation had a higher prevalence of smokers when compared to those with the least deprivation, and in two (7.4%) there were no differences. In Aracaju, Belém, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Macapá and Salvador, the prevalence of adult smokers was three times higher in the group of sectors with greater deprivation compared to those with less deprivation. Conclusion: Sectors with greater social deprivation had a higher prevalence of smoking, compared with less deprivation, pointing to social inequalities.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230044

Premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazilian capitals: redistribution of garbage causes and evolution by social deprivation strata
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães

; Souza, Juliana Bottoni de

; Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata

; Pinheiro, Pedro Cisalpino

; Gomes, Crizian Saar

; Leyland, Alastair

; Dundas, Ruth

; Barreto, Maurício Lima

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 Supl. 1 elocation e230002

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230002.supl.1

Prevalence of adult smokers in Brazilian capitals according to socioeconomic deprivation
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Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Leyland, Alastair Hay

; Katikireddi, Vittal Srinivasa

; Brickley, Elizabeth Bailey

; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira

; Ichiara, Maria Yuri Travassos

; Allik, Mirjam

; Dundas, Ruth

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230044

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230044

[SciELO Preprints] - Premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazilian capitals: redistribution of garbage causes and evolution by social deprivation strata
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho Teixeira, Renato Azeredo Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães Souza, Juliana Bottoni de Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata Pinheiro, Pedro Cisalpino Gomes, Crizian Saar Leyland, Alastair H. Dundas, Ruth Barreto, Maurício Lima

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Data de publicação: 2022-12-16

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Objectives: To analyze premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District (DF) according to the redistribution of garbage causes and the temporal evolution according to social deprivation strata in the trienniums 2010 to 2012 and 2017 to 2019. Methods: Corrections were applied to the Mortality Information System (SIM) such as: proportional redistribution of ignored and blank data and garbage causes (GC). Municipal premature mortality rates from NCDs were calculated using the local empirical Bayesian estimator and standardized by age. Differences between NCD mortality rates according to the Brazilian Deprivation Index (IBP) categories and between the three-year periods were analyzed. Results: In the capitals as a whole, rates increased between 8 and 12% after the GC redistribution and the greatest increases occurred in areas of high deprivation: 11.9% and 11.4%, triennia 1 and 2. There was variability between the capitals. There was a reduction in rates in all strata of deprivation between the three-year periods, with the greatest decrease in the stratum of low deprivation (-18.2%) and the lowest in the stratum of high deprivation (-7.5%). Conclusion: The redistribution of GC represented an increase in mortality rates, being higher in the strata of greater social deprivation. As a rule, a positive gradient of mortality was observed with increasing social deprivation. The analysis of the temporal evolution showed a decrease in mortality from NCDs between the three years, especially in areas of less social deprivation.

Objetivos: Analisar a mortalidade prematura por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) nas capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal (DF) segundo redistribuição das causas garbage e a evolução temporal segundo estratos de privação social nos triênios 2010 a 2012 e 2017 a 2019. Métodos: Foram aplicadas correções ao Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) como: redistribuição proporcional de dados ignorados e em branco, e das causas garbage (CG). As taxas municipais de mortalidade prematura por DCNT foram calculadas pelo estimador bayesiano empírico local e padronizadas por idade. Foram analisadas diferenças entre as taxas de mortalidade por DCNT segundo categorias do Índice Brasileiro de Privação (IBP) e entre os triênios. Resultados: No conjunto das capitais, as taxas aumentaram entre 8 a 12% após a redistribuição de CG e os maiores acréscimos ocorreram em áreas de alta privação: 11,9% e 11,4%, triênios 1 e 2. Houve variabilidade entre as capitais. Observou-se redução das taxas em todos os estratos de privação entre os triênios, sendo maior decréscimo no estrato de baixa privação (-18,2%) e menor no estrato de alta privação (-7,5%). Conclusão: A redistribuição de CG representou aumento das taxas de mortalidade, sendo maior nos estratos de maior privação social. Via de regra, observou-se gradiente positivo de mortalidade com o aumento da privação social. A análise da evolução temporal evidenciou decréscimo da mortalidade por DCNT entre os triênios, sobretudo em áreas de menor privação social.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230002.supl.1.1

Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Reducing Hospitalizations in Patients Discharged from the Hospital Due to Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol
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Ribeiro, Edmar Geraldo

; Brant, Luisa

; Rezende, Lilian Cristina

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Parreiras, Laura Carvalho

; Franco, Tulio Batista

; Ribeiro, Antônio

; Malta, Deborah

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Out 2022, Volume 35 Nº 5 Páginas 635 - 642

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fundament: Telemedicine for follow-up in heart failure (HF) patients is effective in reducing hospitalizations, total and cardiovascular mortality. However, few studies were conducted in low and middle income, where lower access to technology and illiteracy could impact the results. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of associating telemedicine strategies, when compared to usual care, in reducing hospitalizations related to HF in patients discharged from the hospital due to HF. Methods: Controlled, randomized, multicenter, parallel-arm clinical trial, with an allocation ratio of 1:1, blinded to outcome evaluation, in which 340 patients who were discharged from public hospitals in Belo Horizonte due to HF will be randomized. Patients will be followed for 6 months and the intervention group will receive, in addition to the usual care, Structured Telephone Support (STS) from a nurse, a doctor, and an educational program. Counseling will be according to a clinical decision tree. The level of significance in the statistical analysis will be 5%. Expected results: Reduction in the number of hospital readmissions and/or in hospitalization time, in addition to developing a software with a clinical decision tree for remote follow-up and patient education about HF adapted to local culture. Conclusions: The intention of this study is to develop a telemedicine strategy and assess whether or not, in addition to the usual care, it is effective in reducing hospitalizations and mortality from HF. If effective, the aforementioned strategy could reduce costs and hospital needs in the Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese) for patients with HF. These results will be even more relevant considering the pandemic of COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210131

Nutrient requirements of paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum): optimizing seedling quality for reforestation programs
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RAMOS, Silvio Junio

; TEIXEIRA, Renato Alves

; GUEDES, Rafael Silva

; GASTAUER, Markus

; NUNES, Sâmia do Socorro

; CALDEIRA, Cecílio Frois

; SILVA JUNIOR, Ediu Carlos da

; SOUZA-FILHO, Pedro Walfir Martins

Acta Amazonica

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Abr 2022, Volume 52 Nº 2 Páginas 96 - 103

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os programas de reflorestamento da Amazônia enfatizam o uso de espécies nativas da região. No entanto, o reflorestamento com espécies nativas requer a produção de mudas de alta qualidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de mudas de paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum), espécie nativa da Amazônia com alto potencial para atividades de reflorestamento. Realizamos um experimento em casa de vegetação no qual mudas foram submetidas a tratamentos com presença variável de macro e micronutrientes no substrato, e avaliamos o efeito sobre os atributos funcionais (altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, área foliar específica, matéria seca da parte aérea e raiz) e resposta fisiológica (concentração de clorofila a, b e carotenóides). Nossos resultados mostraram que a omissão de nutrientes afeta significativamente o crescimento do paricá. Considerando as variáveis biométricas e fisiológicas avaliadas, as maiores exigências nutricionais das plântulas foram para N, P, K, micronutrientes, Mg e S, enquanto a qualidade das plântulas foi mantida na ausência de Ca. De modo geral, esta espécie apresenta uso eficiente dos nutrientes disponíveis e potencial de crescimento em solos com baixas concentrações de bases. Portanto, para a produção de mudas de paricá de alta qualidade, devem ser adicionados macro e micronutrientes e o calcário é essencial, mas o bom desempenho das mudas sob omissão de Ca sugere que este elemento não precisa ser adicionado ao solo.

ABSTRACT Amazonian reforestation programs emphasize the use of species native to the region. However, reforestation using native species requires the production of high-quality seedlings. The present study aimed to evaluate the development and quality of seedlings of paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum), a species native to the Amazon with high potential for reforestation activities. We carried out a greenhouse experiment in which seedlings were subjected to treatments with varying presence of major and micronutrients in the substrate, and evaluated the effect on functional attributes (plant height, stem diameter, specific leaf area, shoot and root dry matter) and physiological response (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid concentrations). Our results showed that nutrient omission significantly affects paricá seedling growth. Considering the assessed biometric and physiological variables, the highest nutritional requirements of seedlings were for N, P, K, micronutrients, Mg and S, while seedling quality was maintained in the absence of Ca. Overall, this species shows efficient use of available nutrients and potential for growth in soils with low concentrations of bases. Therefore, for the production of high-quality paricá seedlings, major and micronutrients should be added and lime is essential, but the good seedling performance under Ca omission suggested that this element does not need to be added to the soil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101251

Estatística Cardiovascular – Brasil 2021
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Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de

; Brant, Luisa Campos Caldeira

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Biolo, Andreia

; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Souza, Maria de Fatima Marinho de

; Lorenzo, Andrea Rocha De

; Fagundes Júnior, Antonio Aurélio de Paiva

; Schaan, Beatriz D.

; Castilho, Fábio Morato de

; Cesena, Fernando Henpin Yue

; Soares, Gabriel Porto

; Xavier Junior, Gesner Francisco

; Barreto Filho, Jose Augusto Soares

; Passaglia, Luiz Guilherme

; Pinto Filho, Marcelo Martins

; Machline-Carrion, M. Julia

; Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer

; Pontes Neto, Octavio M.

; Villela, Paolo Blanco

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Sampaio, Roney Orismar

; Gaziano, Thomaz A.

; Perel, Pablo

; Roth, Gregory A.

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Jan 2022, Volume 118 Nº 1 Páginas 115 - 373

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20211012

10.

Excess Mortality due to natural causes among whites and blacks during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
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Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales

; Torens, Ana

; França, Elisabeth Barboza

; Ishitani, Lenice

; Bierrenbach, Ana Luiza

; Abreu, Daisy Maria Xavier de

; Marinho, Fátima

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 Supl. 1 elocation e0283-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Excess Mortality by all causes considers deaths directly related to COVID-19 and those attributed to conditions caused by the pandemic. When stratified by social dimensions, such as race/color, it allows for the evaluation of more vulnerable populations. The study estimated the excess mortality by natural causes, separating the white and black populations in 2020. METHODS Public civil registration data on deaths observed in 2020, corrected for under registration, were used. The expected number of deaths was estimated based on the mortality rates observed in 2019, applied to the estimated population in 2020. The difference between the values expected and observed and the proportion of excess was considered the excess mortality. RESULTS: The present study found an excess of 270,321 deaths (22.2% above the expected) in 2020. Every state of Brazil reported deaths above the corresponding expected figure. The excess was higher for men (25.2%) than for women (19.0%). Blacks showed an excess of 27.8%, as compared to whites at 17.6%. In both sexes and all age groups, excess was higher in the black population, especially in the South, Southeast, and Midwest regions. São Paulo, the largest in population number, had twice as much excess death in the black population (25.1%) than in the white population (11.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed racial disparities in excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. The higher excess found for the black suggests an intrinsic relationship with the socioeconomic situation, further exposing the Brazilian reality, in which social and structural inequality is evident.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0283-2021

11.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in a large Brazilian urban center
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Ribeiro, Edmar Geraldo

; Pinheiro, Pedro Cisalpino

; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Cacique, João Pedro Pereira

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Nascimento, Jamil de Souza

; Franco, Tulio Batista

; Brant, Luisa Campos Caldeira

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 Supl. 1 elocation e0264-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact on the behavior of individuals and the organization of health systems. This study analyzed the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on public hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in a large city in Brazil, Belo Horizonte, MG, with approximately 2.5 million inhabitants. METHODS: In a time-series analysis, this study used administrative data from the national “Hospital Information System” from 2010 to February 2020 to estimate the expected number of hospitalizations for CVD by month during the COVID-19 pandemic in Belo Horizonte in 2020 using the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average model. For CVD, this study compared the expected number of hospital admissions, intensive care use, deaths during hospitalization, and mean length of stay with the observed number during the period. RESULTS: There were 6,517 hospitalizations for CVD from March to December 2020, a decrease of 16.3% (95% CI: 4.7-25.3) compared to the projected. The number of intensive care hospitalizations for CVD fell 24.1% (95% CI 13-32.7). The number of deaths also decreased (17.4% [80% CI: 0 - 0.30]), along with the reduction in hospitalizations, as did the length of stay for CVD hospitalizations. These reductions, however, were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalizations for CVD were 16.3% lower than expected in a large Brazilian city, possibly due to the fear of getting infected or going to hospitals. Public campaigns informing how to proceed in case of CVD show that prompt urgent attention is essential to mitigate the indirect effects of the pandemic on CVD.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0264-2021

12.

Prostate cancer mortality in Brazil 1990-2019: geographical distribution and trends
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Iser, Daniel Albrecht

; Cobalchini, Guilherme Ranzi

; Oliveira, Max Moura de

; Teixeira, Renato

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Naghavi, Mohsen

; Iser, Betine Pinto Moehlecke

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 Supl. 1 elocation e0277-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: To analyze the trend of prostate cancer mortality in the Brazilian population of 40 years of age and above. METHODS: Time series ecological study of the mortality rates due to prostate cancer in men of 40 years of age and above, using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD). Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated, as well as the age-standardized rates by the GBD for the global population, per 100,000 inhabitants, for Brazil and its States, from 1990 to 2019. The annual average percent change (AAPC) was calculated to identify the mortality trends in Brazil, through linear regression using the Joinpoint Regression Program. RESULTS: The standardized rates of prostate cancer mortality in Brazil were 76.89 in 1990 and 74.96 deaths for every 100 thousand men ≥ 40 years of age in 2019, with a stability trend. By age group, it was observed a decreasing trend up to 79 years of age, and an increasing trend as of 80 years of age. The state of Bahia showed the highest increase in mortality in the period (1.2%/year), followed by Maranhão and Pernambuco (1.0 and 0.9%/year). A decrease of prostate cancer mortality was found in the Federal District, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, and Sergipe. CONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, the standardized mortality rates show a trend toward stability from 1990 to 2019 and no pattern was observed for the trends according to the Brazilian States.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0277-2021

13.

Maternal Mortality in Brazil, 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
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Leal, Lisiane Freitas

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Souza, Maria de Fatima Marinho

; Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Veloso, Guilherme Augusto

; Lansky, Sônia

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; França, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de

; Naghavi, Mohsen

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 Supl. 1 elocation e0279-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION Maternal death continues to be one of the most challenging public health problems that needs to be addressed in low and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to describe the problem of maternal death in Brazil, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). METHODS This study used data from the GBD 2019 to show the numbers of deaths and the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) - number of deaths/100,000 live births - in Brazil and its 27 Federated Units (FU), for ages 10 to 54 years, from 1990 to 2019. The annual variation of the MMR was estimated in 1990, 2010, and 2019. The MMR were shown for specific causes as well as for five-year age groups. The estimates were presented with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI). RESULTS The number of maternal deaths, as well as the MMR showed a 49% reduction from 1990 to 2019. This reduction occurred heterogeneously throughout the country, and the profile of the MMR for specific causes changed between 1990 and 2019: from hypertensive gestation diseases, to indirect maternal deaths, followed by hypertensive gestation diseases. In the extreme age groups, the MMR is higher, with mortality increasing exponentially in direct proportion with age. CONCLUSIONS Maternal deaths in Brazil have decreased substantially since 1990; however, the numbers still fall short of what was established by the World Health Organization (WHO). Indirect causes are the greatest problem in more than 60% of the FU, especially for hypertensive pregnancy diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0279-2021

14.

Incidence and mortality rates of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers in Brazil: time-trend and age-period-cohort analysis from the last 30 years, Global Burden of Disease Study
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Romagna, Daniel Volpato

; Oliveira, Max Moura de

; Abreu, Lucas Guimarães

; Stein, Caroline

; Hugo, Fernando Neves

; Teixeira, Renato

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Naghavi, Mohsen

; Iser, Betine Pinto Moehlecke

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 Supl. 1 elocation e0286-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Cancers are the second main cause of morbidity worldwide, but robust information on lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers in Brazil is lacking. This study aimed to analyze the trends of incidence and mortality caused by lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers and age-period-cohort effects in the Brazilian population of 30 years of age and over, in the period of 1990 to 2019. METHODS: A time series study of the incidence and mortality rates for oral cavity and pharynx cancer (“Lip and oral cavity cancer”, “Nasopharynx cancer”, and “Other pharynx cancer”) was conducted, with corrected data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. Age-standardized rates per 100,000 inhabitants, for the global population, were gathered according to the individuals’ sex. The annual average percentage change (AAPC) was estimated, as was the age-period-cohort effects. RESULTS: The incidence and mortality rates were higher for men in the studied anatomical regions. The cancers tended to decrease for men, except for nasopharynx cancer, which increased in individuals of both sexes. Mortality tended to present a decline in most of the groups studied. For men and women, the age-period-cohort model presented a better adjustment for both incidence and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence and mortality caused by the main head and neck cancers showed a tendency to decline over the past 30 years in Brazil, except for nasopharynx cancer, which showed an increase in incidence and mortality in some segments of the population. Higher rates were found for lip and oral cavity cancers in men.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0286-2021

15.

Mortalidade de adolescentes e adultos jovens brasileiros entre 1990 e 2019: uma análise do estudo Carga Global de Doença
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Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Minayo, Maria Cecília de Souza

; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães

; Veloso, Guilherme Augusto

; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo

; Pinto, Isabella Vitral

; Naghavi, Mohsen

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Set 2021, Volume 26 Nº 9 Páginas 4069 - 4086

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Trata-se de análise de indicadores de mortalidade de brasileiros com idades entre 10 e 24 anos. Foram analisados os dados do Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, utilizando números absolutos, proporção de óbitos e taxas de mortalidade específicas entre 1990 e 2019, segundo faixa etária (10 a 14, 15 a 19 e 20 a 24 anos), sexo e causas de morte para Brasil, regiões e estados brasileiros. Houve redução de 11,8% nas taxas de mortalidade de indivíduos com idades entre 10 e 24 anos no período investigado. Em 2019, ocorreram 13.459 mortes entre mulheres, correspondendo à redução de 30,8% no período. Entre homens ocorreram 39.362 óbitos, redução de apenas 6,2%. Houve aumento das taxas de mortalidade no Norte e Nordeste e redução em estados do Sudeste e Sul. Em 2019, entre mulheres a primeira causa de morte foram lesões por transporte, seguidas por violência interpessoal, mortes maternas e suicídio. Para os homens, a violência interpessoal foi a primeira causa de morte, em especial no Nordeste, seguida das lesões por transporte, do suicídio e dos afogamentos. Execuções policiais passaram do 77º para o 6º lugar. Este estudo revelou desigualdades na mortalidade de adolescentes e adultos jovens segundo sexo, causas de óbito, regiões e estados brasileiros.

Abstract Mortality indicators for Brazilians aged between 10 and 24 years old were analyzed. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 Study, and absolute numbers, proportion of deaths and specific mortality rates from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed, according to age group (10 to 14, 15 to 19 and 20 to 24 years), sex and causes of death for Brazil, regions and Brazilian states. There was a reduction of 11.8% in the mortality rates of individuals aged between 10 and 24 years in the investigated period. In 2019, there were 13,459 deaths among women, corresponding to a reduction of 30.8% in the period. Among men there were 39,362 deaths, a reduction of only 6.2%. There was an increase in mortality rates in the North and Northeast and a reduction in the Southeast and South states. In 2019, the leading cause of death among women was traffic injuries, followed by interpersonal violence, maternal deaths and suicide. For men, interpersonal violence was the leading cause of death, especially in the Northeast, followed by traffic injuries, suicide and drowning. Police executions moved from 77th to 6th place. This study revealed inequalities in the mortality of adolescents and young adults according to sex, causes of death, regions and Brazilian states.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021269.12122021

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